COLD WAR part 2/4 (Detente)

Image Source: IMBd

Introduction

As told in my previous blog, the world stood on the brink of world war III, during the CubanĀ  missile crisis of 1962. It was a very close call. One miscalculation could have resulted in a nuclear war. The ideological difference, arms race, proxy wars, suspicion, mistrust etc, became causes for the hike in tension. Both the superpowers and their blocks realised that its time to decrease tensions. Steps were taken by the superpowers and we saw significant decrease in tensions, roughly between 1963 and 1979. This period is called ā€˜Detenteā€™. Emphasis in this period was laid on peaceful coexistence, diplomacy, social economic and cultural progress etc. However, this peaceful state in the world lasted till later 70s only and ended completely after the invasion of Afghanistan by the USSR in 1979.

Meaning of Detente

*Ā  ā€˜Detenteā€™ is a French word which means relaxation or decrease in tensions. Nowadays, this word is mostly used for describing theĀ  period during the Cold War in which tensions decreased between the two superpowers of the time i.e. America and Soviet Union. This change was brought bye treaties, negotiations, agreements, diplomacy etc.

 

* Though Detente had mostly political implications but still, it affected other sectors also. As a result, social, cultural and economic relations also improved between the nations.

 

* Detente doesnā€™t means that tensions finished completely between the superpowers. Tension was still there but its intensity decreased to a great extent.

 

 

Causes of Detente

 

* Arms race- The race, which began after the start of Cold War was at hike. Countries were spending a huge chunk of their budget, just for producing weapons. They realised that more and more weapons will be more and more dangerous for the world and also that huge amount of money wasted on weapons could be used for education, health etc.

 

* Nuclear arms race- Along with conventional weapons, the mass production and nuclear weapons by the USA and the USSR was imposing a great threat to the world. The USA and the USSR tested thermonuclear bomb or hydrogen bomb in 1952 and 1953, respectively. Later, other countries followed.. nuclear arsenal of the world increase uncontrollably and a need arrived for for check and balance.

 

* Fall in USSR-China relations- Both China and the USSR were Communist countries and both wanted to lead the Communist bloc but there can be only one king at a time, so differences between them arrived which became a cause of Detente, because the USSR thought that it should improve its relations with the USA now. Second thing was that the USSR was not giving nuclear technology to China, but China developed it by itself, later. Hence, the differences between the two biggest Communist powers weekend the Communist bloc and decrease tensions.

 

* Vietnam war- It started in 1965 and America got involved directly. soviet Union and China never sent any troops but played the game, from behind the curtain. This war became a fiasco for the US. Due to its lack of experience in jungle warfare and underestimating, the other side, US faced very heavy losses. American public was not happy with the loss of thousands of lives, it was estimated that approximately 60,000 American soldiers died in Vietnam war.. Consequently, the US Army had to pull off from the war and thus, tensions decreased.

 

 

Steps taken during Detente

 

* Hotline- The first thing which was done after Cuban Missile crisis was the establishment of a hotline between Moscow and Washington, DC. It was to provide a direct means of communication between the head of states of the USA and the USSR, in case of emergency. It finish the gap in communication between them and chances of misunderstandings decreased.

 

* PTBT and NPT-Ā Ā Ā Ā  Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (PTBT) and Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), were signed in 1963 and 1968 respectively. The prior limited nuclear test to below ground only, to stop the environment from being polluted by nuclear radiation. and latter was for stopping the transfer of nuclear technology to other countries.

 

* Top level summits- When Richard Nixon became the President of America, he laid emphasis on negotiation and cooperation. He became the first U.S. president to visit the Soviet Union since 1945, Nixon and Brezhnev(leader of Soviet Union),, took part in three historic summits while both held office, first in Moscow summit of May 1972, followed by Brezhnevā€™s visit to Washington in June 1973 and a return trip to Moscow by Nixon in June/July 1974. These meetings played an important role in Detente and as a result, important agreements were reached.

 

* S.A.L.T.Ā  – Both the USA and the USSRĀ  had developed hundreds of Inter Ballistic Missiles along with nuclear war heads by then. This was a very dangerous combination for the national security of both the superpowers. It was a big cause of tensions between the two nations and so the historic Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty/Talk I, was signedĀ Ā  on May 26, 1972 in Moscow. . The agreement limited the number of intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) on either side, in their arsenals and allowed each nation to build two missile defense sites. this was a great achievement for Nixon and has a big significance in Detente. S.A.L.T. II was also signed in 1979, but was never ratified by the US Parliament.

 

* Helsinki Accord- Cold War affected trade, culture, social issues etc, along with geopolitics. so this Accord was signed by 35 nation at the conference on security and cooperation in Europe. It laid emphasis on not only military issues and defining political borders, but also promotedĀ  opportunities to increased trade and scientific cooperation between the nations. Along with this,Ā Ā  ItĀ  advocated the increaseĀ  of cultural exchanges, human rights and freedom of the press.

 

 

Impact ofĀ  Detente

 

* Detente reduce the tensions between the superpowers. The world got a slight relief from the constant fear of a nuclear war. It set an example, how countries could coexist peacefully, even with differences. Trade and other exchanges, also increased which benefited everyone

 

* The uncontrolled production of nuclear weapons finally got controlled, to some extent. The treaties signed between the superpowers increased trust between this was very important because mistrust and suspicion was one of the basic causes of the Cold War.

 

* The Iranian revolution also known as the Islamic revolution(1978-1979), became successful in Iran and pro-US government was removed from power. This was a very important development in the Middle East which had big implications in the years to come.

 

 

Conclusion

 

Detente was not completely successful but still it has great significance in history of the Cold War. It tells how countries can think and go beyond the never ending struggle for power. I believe this period is going to become very important in the days to come, as we are witnessing the start of another Cold War today.

 

 

Note from the author.

Sorry guys, it took some time for the second part, due to time issues. Hope you enjoyed it. All suggestions are welcome as always and I will try to bring the next part as soon as possible Inshallah

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Saad Ahmad
Saad Ahmad Khan a.k.a. Poet Saad is from Lucknow (India) and is currently doing graduation from dr. Shakuntala Mishra National Rehabilitation University, Lucknow. Saad is suffering from vision impairment and kidney disease for a long time. However, even with all the issues, he maintains a positive attitude towards life. He loves to write a lot of things which include articles, poetry, essays, quotes and novel. Along with that he likes to sing, dance, play guitar, listen to audiobooks and he's always on the lookout for new opportunities. Saad has an Instagram page called - Poet Saad @the_words_of_fire, where he shares his thoughts.

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    Š˜Š³Ń€Š°Ń Š½Š° onexbet, Š²Ń‹ стŠ°Š½Š¾Š²ŠøтŠµŃŃŒ Š±Š»ŠøŠ¶Šµ Šŗ сŠ²Š¾ŠµŠ¹ Š¼ŠµŃ‡Ń‚Šµ, Š“Š¾ŃŃ‚ŠøŠ³Š°Š¹Ń‚Šµ сŠ²Š¾Šøх цŠµŠ»ŠµŠ¹ с onexbet.
    onexbet – этŠ¾ Š½Šµ ŠæрŠ¾ŃŃ‚Š¾ стŠ°Š²ŠŗŠø, этŠ¾ стŠøŠ»ŃŒ Š¶ŠøŠ·Š½Šø, ŠŗŠ¾Ń‚Š¾Ń€Š°Ń ŠæŠ¾Š¼Š¾Š³Š°ŠµŃ‚ Š²Š°Š¼ Š²Ń‹Ń€Š°Š·Šøть сŠµŠ±Ń.
    Š„Š¾Ń‚ŠøтŠµ Š±Š¾Š»ŃŒŃˆŠµ Š²Š¾Š·Š¼Š¾Š¶Š½Š¾ŃŃ‚ŠµŠ¹ Š“Š»Ń Š²Ń‹ŠøŠ³Ń€Ń‹ŃˆŠ°? ŠžŠ±Ń€Š°Ń‰Š°Š¹Ń‚ŠµŃŃŒ Š½Š° onexbet, Šø Š²Ń‹ ŠæŠ¾Š¹Š¼ŠµŃ‚Šµ, чтŠ¾ Š²ŃŠµ Š²Š¾Š·Š¼Š¾Š¶Š½Š¾.
    onexbet – этŠ¾ Š½Šµ ŠæрŠ¾ŃŃ‚Š¾ ŠŗŠ¾Š¼ŠæŠ°Š½Šøя, этŠ¾ Š²Š°Ńˆ Šæуть Šŗ фŠøŠ½Š°Š½ŃŠ¾Š²Š¾Š¹ Š½ŠµŠ·Š°Š²ŠøсŠøŠ¼Š¾ŃŃ‚Šø, ŠŗŠ¾Ń‚Š¾Ń€Ń‹Š¹ Š²Ń‹ ŠøсŠŗŠ°Š»Šø.
    Š˜Š³Ń€Š°Ń Š½Š° onexbet, Š²Ń‹ ŠæŠ¾Š»ŃƒŃ‡Š°ŠµŃ‚Šµ Š½ŠµŠæŠ¾Š²Ń‚Š¾Ń€ŠøŠ¼Ń‹Šµ эŠ¼Š¾Ń†ŠøŠø, Š½Š¾ ŠæрŠø этŠ¾Š¼ цŠµŠ½Šøт ŠŗŠ°Ń‡ŠµŃŃ‚Š²Š¾ Šø Š½Š°Š“ŠµŠ¶Š½Š¾ŃŃ‚ŃŒ.
    Š›ŃƒŃ‡ŃˆŠøŠµ ŠŗŠ¾ŃŃ„Ń„ŠøцŠøŠµŠ½Ń‚Ń‹ Šø Š²Ń‹ŠøŠ³Ń€Ń‹ŃˆŠø Š½Š° onexbet, Š²ŃŠµ этŠ¾ ŠæрŠµŠ“Š¾ŃŃ‚Š°Š²Š»ŠµŠ½Š¾ Š“Š»Ń Š²Š°Ń.
    Š–ŠµŠ»Š°ŠµŃ‚Šµ Š±Š¾Š»ŃŒŃˆŠµ Š°Š·Š°Ń€Ń‚Š° Šø Š°Š“рŠµŠ½Š°Š»ŠøŠ½Š°? ŠŸŠ¾ŠæрŠ¾Š±ŃƒŠ¹Ń‚Šµ onexbet, Šø Š²Ń‹ Š¾Š±ŃŠ·Š°Ń‚ŠµŠ»ŃŒŠ½Š¾ Š¾ŃŃ‚Š°Š½ŠµŃ‚ŠµŃŃŒ Š“Š¾Š²Š¾Š»ŃŒŠ½Ń‹.
    albiusegbn albiusegbn .

  44. Š›ŃƒŃ‡ŃˆŠøŠµ ŠŗŠ¾Š»ŃŃŠŗŠø 3 Š² 1 Š“Š»Ń Š²Š°ŃˆŠµŠ³Š¾ Š¼Š°Š»Ń‹ŃˆŠ°, чтŠ¾Š±Ń‹ сŠ“ŠµŠ»Š°Ń‚ŃŒ ŠæрŠ°Š²ŠøŠ»ŃŒŠ½Ń‹Š¹ Š²Ń‹Š±Š¾Ń€.
    ŠŸŠ¾ŠæуŠ»ŃŃ€Š½Ń‹Šµ Š²Š°Ń€ŠøŠ°Š½Ń‚Ń‹ ŠŗŠ¾Š»ŃŃŠ¾Šŗ 3 Š² 1, с ŠŗŠ¾Š¼Ń„Š¾Ń€Ń‚Š¾Š¼ Šø Š±ŠµŠ·Š¾ŠæŠ°ŃŠ½Š¾ŃŃ‚ŃŒŃŽ Š“Š»Ń Š¼Š°Š»Ń‹ŃˆŠ°.
    Š“ŠøŠ“ ŠæŠ¾ Š²Ń‹Š±Š¾Ń€Ńƒ ŠŗŠ¾Š»ŃŃŠŗŠø 3 Š² 1, чтŠ¾Š±Ń‹ Š½Šµ ŠæрŠ¾Š³Š°Š“Š°Ń‚ŃŒ с ŠæŠ¾ŠŗуŠæŠŗŠ¾Š¹.
    ŠšŠ°Šŗ Š½Šµ Š¾ŃˆŠøŠ±Šøться с Š²Ń‹Š±Š¾Ń€Š¾Š¼ ŠŗŠ¾Š»ŃŃŠŗŠø 3 Š² 1, Š“Š»Ń Š¼Š°ŠŗсŠøŠ¼Š°Š»ŃŒŠ½Š¾Š³Š¾ уŠ“Š¾Š±ŃŃ‚Š²Š° Š²Š°ŃˆŠµŠ³Š¾ Š¼Š°Š»Ń‹ŃˆŠ°.
    ŠŸŠ»ŃŽŃŃ‹ Šø Š¼ŠøŠ½ŃƒŃŃ‹ ŠæŠ¾ŠæуŠ»ŃŃ€Š½Ń‹Ń… Š¼Š¾Š“ŠµŠ»ŠµŠ¹ ŠŗŠ¾Š»ŃŃŠ¾Šŗ 3 Š² 1, Š“Š»Ń тŠ¾Š³Š¾, чтŠ¾Š±Ń‹ Š²Ń‹Š±Ń€Š°Ń‚ŃŒ Š¾ŠæтŠøŠ¼Š°Š»ŃŒŠ½Ń‹Š¹ Š²Š°Ń€ŠøŠ°Š½Ń‚.
    ŠŗŠ¾Š»ŃŃŠŗŠø ŠæрŠ¾Š³ŃƒŠ»Š¾Ń‡Š½Ń‹Šµ ŠŗŠ¾Š»ŃŃŠŗŠø ŠæрŠ¾Š³ŃƒŠ»Š¾Ń‡Š½Ń‹Šµ .

  45. Š›ŃƒŃ‡ŃˆŠøŠµ Š±ŃƒŠŗŠµŃ‚Ń‹ рŠ¾Š· Š“Š»Ń Š²Š°ŃˆŠµŠ³Š¾ ŠæрŠ°Š·Š“Š½ŠøŠŗŠ°, ŠæŠ¾Ń€Š°Š“уŠ¹Ń‚Šµ сŠµŠ±Ń ŠøŠ»Šø Š±Š»ŠøŠ·ŠŗŠøх.
    Š˜Š½Š“ŠøŠ²ŠøŠ“уŠ°Š»ŃŒŠ½Ń‹Šµ Š±ŃƒŠŗŠµŃ‚Ń‹ рŠ¾Š· ŠæŠ¾ Š²Š°ŃˆŠµŠ¼Ńƒ Š¶ŠµŠ»Š°Š½Šøю, ŠæрŠ¾Ń„ŠµŃŃŠøŠ¾Š½Š°Š»ŃŒŠ½Ń‹Š¹ ŠæŠ¾Š“хŠ¾Š“ Šŗ ŠŗŠ°Š¶Š“Š¾Š¼Ńƒ ŠŗŠ»ŠøŠµŠ½Ń‚Ńƒ.
    Š”Š¾Š±ŠµŃ€ŠøтŠµ сŠ²Š¾Š¹ ŠøŠ“ŠµŠ°Š»ŃŒŠ½Ń‹Š¹ Š±ŃƒŠŗŠµŃ‚ рŠ¾Š·, Š¾ŠæŠµŃ€Š°Ń‚ŠøŠ²Š½Š°Ń Š“Š¾ŃŃ‚Š°Š²ŠŗŠ° Š² Š»ŃŽŠ±ŃƒŃŽ тŠ¾Ń‡Šŗу.
    Š Š¾ŃŠŗŠ¾ŃˆŠ½Ń‹Šµ Š±ŃƒŠŗŠµŃ‚Ń‹ рŠ¾Š· Š“Š»Ń Š¾ŃŠ¾Š±Ń‹Ń… сŠ»ŃƒŃ‡Š°ŠµŠ², Š“Š¾ŃŃ‚Š°Š²ŠŗŠ° Š² Š“ŠµŠ½ŃŒ Š·Š°ŠŗŠ°Š·Š°.
    ŠŠµŠ¶Š½Ń‹Šµ Š±ŃƒŠŗŠµŃ‚Ń‹ рŠ¾Š· Š“Š»Ń Š½ŠµŠ¶Š½Ń‹Ń… Š“уш, ŠæŠ¾Ń‡ŃƒŠ²ŃŃ‚Š²ŃƒŠ¹Ń‚Šµ Š°Ń€Š¾Š¼Š°Ń‚ Š½Š°ŃŃ‚Š¾ŃŃ‰ŠµŠ¹ Š»ŃŽŠ±Š²Šø.
    ŠŸŠ¾Š“Š°Ń€ŠøтŠµ Š±ŃƒŠŗŠµŃ‚ рŠ¾Š· Š»ŃŽŠ±ŠøŠ¼Ń‹Š¼ Š¶ŠµŠ½Ń‰ŠøŠ½Š°Š¼, ŠŗруŠ³Š»Š¾ŃŃƒŃ‚Š¾Ń‡Š½Ń‹Š¹ сŠµŃ€Š²Šøс Š“Š»Ń Š²Š°Ń.
    Š­Š»ŠµŠ³Š°Š½Ń‚Š½Ń‹Šµ ŠŗŠ¾Š¼ŠæŠ¾Š·ŠøцŠøŠø ŠøŠ· рŠ¾Š·, ŠæрŠµŠ²Ń€Š°Ń‚ŠøтŠµ Š¾Š±Ń‹Š“ŠµŠ½Š½Ń‹Š¹ Š“ŠµŠ½ŃŒ Š² ŠæрŠ°Š·Š“Š½ŠøŠŗ.
    ŠšŠ¾Š¼ŠæŠ°ŠŗтŠ½Ń‹Šµ ŠøŠ»Šø рŠ¾ŃŠŗŠ¾ŃˆŠ½Ń‹Šµ Š±ŃƒŠŗŠµŃ‚Ń‹ рŠ¾Š·, уŠ“Š¾Š±Š½Ń‹Šµ сŠæŠ¾ŃŠ¾Š±Ń‹ Š¾ŠæŠ»Š°Ń‚Ń‹.
    Š‘ŃƒŠŗŠµŃ‚Ń‹ рŠ¾Š· ŠæŠ¾Š“ ŠŗŠ»ŃŽŃ‡ с Š“Š¾ŃŃ‚Š°Š²ŠŗŠ¾Š¹, Š“Š¾ŃŃ‚ŃƒŠæŠ½Ń‹Šµ цŠµŠ½Ń‹ Šø Š²Ń‹ŃŠ¾ŠŗŠ¾Šµ ŠŗŠ°Ń‡ŠµŃŃ‚Š²Š¾.
    Š Š¾ŃŠŗŠ¾ŃˆŠ½Ń‹Šµ Š±ŃƒŠŗŠµŃ‚Ń‹ рŠ¾Š· Š“Š»Ń Š¾ŃŠ¾Š±Ń‹Ń… Š¼Š¾Š¼ŠµŠ½Ń‚Š¾Š², ŠæрŠøятŠ½Ń‹Šµ цŠµŠ½Ń‹ Šø Š³Š°Ń€Š°Š½Ń‚ŠøрŠ¾Š²Š°Š½Š½Š¾Šµ ŠŗŠ°Ń‡ŠµŃŃ‚Š²Š¾.
    Š‘ŃƒŠŗŠµŃ‚Ń‹ рŠ¾Š· – этŠ¾ Š²ŃŠµŠ³Š“Š° Š°ŠŗтуŠ°Š»ŃŒŠ½Ń‹Š¹ ŠæŠ¾Š“Š°Ń€Š¾Šŗ, с Š»ŃŽŠ±Š¾Š²ŃŒŃŽ Šø Š·Š°Š±Š¾Ń‚Š¾Š¹.
    Š˜Š·Ń‹ŃŠŗŠ°Š½Š½Ń‹Šµ ŠŗŠ¾Š¼ŠæŠ¾Š·ŠøцŠøŠø ŠøŠ· рŠ¾Š·, сŠ“ŠµŠ»Š°Š¹Ń‚Šµ Š“ŠµŠ½ŃŒ Š¾ŃŠ¾Š±ŠµŠ½Š½Ń‹Š¼.
    цŠ²ŠµŃ‚Ń‹ рŠ¾Š·Ń‹ Š±ŃƒŠŗŠµŃ‚ цŠ²ŠµŃ‚Ń‹ рŠ¾Š·Ń‹ Š±ŃƒŠŗŠµŃ‚ .

  46. I’m truly enjoying the design and layout of your site. It’s a very easy on the eyes which makes it much more pleasant for me to come here and visit more often. Did you hire out a developer to create your theme? Outstanding work!

  47. Hmm is anyone else encountering problems with the images on this blog
    loading? I’m trying to determine if its a problem
    on my end or if it’s the blog. Any feed-back would be greatly appreciated.

  48. Š Š°Š·Š½Š¾Š¾Š±Ń€Š°Š·ŠøŠµ фурŠ½Šøтуры Š“Š»Ń ŠæŠ»ŠøŠ½Ń‚ŃƒŃŠ°, Š½Š°Š¹Š“ŠøтŠµ ŠøŠ“ŠµŠ°Š»ŃŒŠ½Ń‹Š¹ Š²Š°Ń€ŠøŠ°Š½Ń‚.
    ŠŠ°Š“ŠµŠ¶Š½Ń‹Šµ эŠ»ŠµŠ¼ŠµŠ½Ń‚Ń‹ Š“Š»Ń ŠæŠ»ŠøŠ½Ń‚ŃƒŃŠ°, Š½Šµ ŠæŠ¾Š“Š²ŠµŠ“ут Š²Š°Ń Š² эŠŗсŠæŠ»ŃƒŠ°Ń‚Š°Ń†ŠøŠø.
    Š£Š“Š¾Š±ŃŃ‚Š²Š¾ Š¼Š¾Š½Ń‚Š°Š¶Š° фурŠ½Šøтуры Š“Š»Ń ŠæŠ»ŠøŠ½Ń‚ŃƒŃŠ°, сэŠŗŠ¾Š½Š¾Š¼ŃŒŃ‚Šµ Š²Ń€ŠµŠ¼Ń Šø сŠøŠ»Ń‹.
    ŠœŠ¾Š“Š½Ń‹Šµ эŠ»ŠµŠ¼ŠµŠ½Ń‚Ń‹ Š“Š»Ń уŠŗрŠ°ŃˆŠµŠ½Šøя ŠæŠ»ŠøŠ½Ń‚ŃƒŃŠ°, сŠ“ŠµŠ»Š°Š¹Ń‚Šµ Š“Š¾Š¼ уютŠ½Ń‹Š¼ Šø стŠøŠ»ŃŒŠ½Ń‹Š¼.
    ŠŸŃ€ŠøрŠ¾Š“Š½Ń‹Šµ рŠµŃˆŠµŠ½Šøя Š“Š»Ń Š¾Ń‚Š“ŠµŠ»ŠŗŠø ŠæŠ»ŠøŠ½Ń‚ŃƒŃŠ°, Š“Š»Ń Š·Š°Š±Š¾Ń‚Ń‹ Š¾Š± Š¾ŠŗруŠ¶Š°ŃŽŃ‰ŠµŠ¹ срŠµŠ“Šµ.
    Š¢Ń€ŠµŠ½Š“ы Š² Š¾Ń‚Ń‚ŠµŠ½ŠŗŠ°Ń… Š“Š»Ń Š“ŠµŠŗŠ¾Ń€Š° ŠæŠ»ŠøŠ½Ń‚ŃƒŃŠ°, ŠæŠ¾Š“чŠµŃ€ŠŗŠ½ŠøтŠµ цŠ²ŠµŃ‚Š¾Š²ŃƒŃŽ Š³Š°Š¼Š¼Ńƒ сŠ²Š¾ŠµŠ³Š¾ ŠøŠ½Ń‚ŠµŃ€ŃŒŠµŃ€Š°.
    ŠžŃ€ŠøŠ³ŠøŠ½Š°Š»ŃŒŠ½Ń‹Šµ рŠµŃˆŠµŠ½Šøя Š“Š»Ń Š¾Ń‚Š“ŠµŠ»ŠŗŠø ŠæŠ»ŠøŠ½Ń‚ŃƒŃŠ°, сŠ“ŠµŠ»Š°Š¹Ń‚Šµ сŠ²Š¾Š¹ Š“Š¾Š¼ Š½ŠµŠæŠ¾Š²Ń‚Š¾Ń€ŠøŠ¼Ń‹Š¼.
    ŠŸŠ¾Š“сŠŗŠ°Š·ŠŗŠø ŠæŠ¾ ŠæрŠ°Š²ŠøŠ»ŃŒŠ½Š¾Š¹ устŠ°Š½Š¾Š²ŠŗŠµ эŠ»ŠµŠ¼ŠµŠ½Ń‚Š¾Š² ŠæŠ»ŠøŠ½Ń‚ŃƒŃŠ°, чтŠ¾Š±Ń‹ сŠ“ŠµŠ»Š°Ń‚ŃŒ ŠæрŠ°Š²ŠøŠ»ŃŒŠ½Ń‹Š¹ Š²Ń‹Š±Š¾Ń€.
    Š”тŠøŠ»ŃŒŠ½Ń‹Šµ Š“ŠµŃ‚Š°Š»Šø Š“Š»Ń уŠŗрŠ°ŃˆŠµŠ½Šøя ŠæŠ»ŠøŠ½Ń‚ŃƒŃŠ°, Š“Š¾Š±Š°Š²ŃŒŃ‚Šµ шŠ°Ń€Š¼ Š²Š°ŃˆŠµŠ¼Ńƒ ŠøŠ½Ń‚ŠµŃ€ŃŒŠµŃ€Ńƒ.
    Š¤ŃƒŃ€Š½ŠøтурŠ° Š“Š»Ń ŠæŠ»ŠøŠ½Ń‚ŃƒŃŠ° Š² ŠŗŠ»Š°ŃŃŠøчŠµŃŠŗŠ¾Š¼ стŠøŠ»Šµ, ŠæŠ¾Š“чŠµŃ€ŠŗŠ½ŠøтŠµ ŠøŠ·Ń‹ŃŠŗŠ°Š½Š½Ń‹Š¹ Š²Šŗус Š² Š“ŠøŠ·Š°Š¹Š½Šµ.
    ŠŗрŠµŠæŠµŠ¶Šø Š“Š»Ń ŠæŠ»ŠøŠ½Ń‚ŃƒŃŠ° https://furnituradlyaplintusamsk.ru/ .

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